Preprint Watch

Donor-reactive T cells and innate immune cells promote pig-to-human decedent xenograft rejection

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URL https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6474835/v1.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the dominant paradigm of transplantation immunology, specifically xenotransplantation. This paradigm acknowledges the organ shortage crisis and explores the use of animal organs as a potential solution. The current paradigm emphasizes the significant challenge posed by the immune response, both adaptive and innate, which leads […]

Donor-reactive T cells and innate immune cells promote pig-to-human decedent xenograft rejection Read More »

Safety and reactogenicity of a controlled human infection model of sand fly-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis

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URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03146-9.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the established paradigm of using Controlled Human Infection Models (CHIMs) for vaccine development and understanding disease pathology. This paradigm accepts the controlled infection of human volunteers as an ethical and scientifically valuable tool for advancing medical knowledge. Highlights This research firmly falls within the

Safety and reactogenicity of a controlled human infection model of sand fly-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis Read More »

MDA5 guards against infection by surveying cellular RNA homeostasis

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URL https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6466919/v1.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the dominant paradigm of immunology, specifically the framework of innate immune sensing of viral infections via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Highlights This research refines the current understanding of MDA5 activation. The prevailing model suggests that MDA5, a PRR, is activated by long viral dsRNA.

MDA5 guards against infection by surveying cellular RNA homeostasis Read More »

SARS-CoV-2-specific plasma cells are not durably established in the bone marrow long-lived compartment after mRNA vaccination

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URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03278-y.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the immunological paradigm of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) as the basis for durable humoral immunity. It specifically focuses on the role of bone marrow LLPCs in maintaining long-term antibody responses after vaccination. Highlights This preprint exemplifies normal science because it investigates a specific puzzle

SARS-CoV-2-specific plasma cells are not durably established in the bone marrow long-lived compartment after mRNA vaccination Read More »

AI-Driven CRISPR-Cas9 sgRNA Design for PDCD1, TRAC, and B2M Knockout to Improve CAR T Cell Therapy

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URL https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6596407/v1/83cfb5f0-6d5a-4363-be23-415570bc1a7c.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the dominant paradigm of gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 technology for CAR T-cell therapy. It adheres to the established methodology of sgRNA design and validation, focusing on improving existing techniques rather than proposing radical shifts. Highlights This preprint demonstrates normal science by refining established techniques

AI-Driven CRISPR-Cas9 sgRNA Design for PDCD1, TRAC, and B2M Knockout to Improve CAR T Cell Therapy Read More »

Spatially resolved single-cell atlas unveils a distinct cellular signature of fatal lung COVID-19 in a Malawian population

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URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03354-3.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the contemporary paradigm of molecular biology and immunology, specifically focusing on single-cell and spatial transcriptomics and imaging mass cytometry to understand disease mechanisms. Highlights This preprint represents a robust application of established techniques (single-cell RNA-seq, imaging mass cytometry, spatial transcriptomics) to investigate COVID-19 lung

Spatially resolved single-cell atlas unveils a distinct cellular signature of fatal lung COVID-19 in a Malawian population Read More »

The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Mediating Autoantibody and Immune Cell Entry in Pediatric Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Comparative Study

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URL https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6649929/v1.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the dominant paradigm of neuroimmunology, specifically focusing on the role of blood-brain barrier dysfunction in pediatric anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. This paradigm accepts the well-established understanding of the immune system's role in neurological disorders and the importance of the blood-brain barrier in maintaining CNS homeostasis.

The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Mediating Autoantibody and Immune Cell Entry in Pediatric Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Comparative Study Read More »

Single immunization with genetically attenuated Pf∆mei2 (GA2) parasites by mosquito bite in controlled human malaria infection: a placebo-controlled randomized trial

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URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03347-2.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The current paradigm for malaria vaccine development is shifting towards whole-organism approaches, moving beyond traditional subunit vaccines. This preprint operates within this evolving paradigm by investigating the efficacy of a genetically attenuated whole-parasite vaccine. Highlights This research contributes to the normal science phase of the paradigm shift by

Single immunization with genetically attenuated Pf∆mei2 (GA2) parasites by mosquito bite in controlled human malaria infection: a placebo-controlled randomized trial Read More »

Celiac disease in Afghanistan: prevalence of an existing but unknown disease to Afghans

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URL https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6675314/v1.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing The preprint operates within the dominant paradigm of biomedical research, specifically within the established framework of immunology and gastroenterology as they pertain to Celiac Disease. It adheres to standard diagnostic procedures and utilizes established laboratory techniques. Highlights This preprint represents a typical example of normal science. The research

Celiac disease in Afghanistan: prevalence of an existing but unknown disease to Afghans Read More »

Immune and metabolic effects of African heritage diets versus Western diets in men: a randomized controlled trial

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URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03602-0.pdf Stage Normal Science Paradigm framing Nutritional Immunology, particularly the impact of diet on immune and metabolic function. Highlights This research operates within the established paradigm of nutritional immunology. It investigates a specific question (the impact of African heritage diets vs. Western diets) using standard methodologies (randomized controlled trial, multi-omics analysis). The study does

Immune and metabolic effects of African heritage diets versus Western diets in men: a randomized controlled trial Read More »